Tingling or numbness in the hands—often described as “pins and needles”—is usually harmless and short-lived. Temporary nerve compression, like sleeping in an awkward position, is a common cause and typically resolves quickly.

Repetitive hand motions can lead to carpal tunnel syndrome, where the median nerve is compressed. “Tingling often starts in the thumb, index, and middle fingers,” and may worsen at night or with extended hand use.

Vitamin B12 deficiency can damage nerves, especially in vegetarians, older adults, or those with absorption issues. Similarly, low electrolytes from dehydration, poor diet, or medications may cause tingling that improves with hydration and balance.

Chronic conditions like diabetes may lead to diabetic neuropathy, resulting in numbness and burning pain. Cervical spine problems, such as herniated discs or bone spurs, can also cause symptoms that radiate down one arm.

More serious causes include autoimmune diseases like MS or lupus, poor circulation (e.g., Raynaud’s), or rare issues like tumors, cysts, or infections. “Persistent or worsening symptoms, especially with weakness or coordination issues,” require medical attention.

Early diagnosis is key. Many causes are treatable, and timely care can prevent lasting nerve damage.