Cold sores, or fever blisters, are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Once infected, the virus stays in your body for life. “The virus hides in nerve cells and can reactivate when triggered.”

**What Triggers Them?**
Triggers include stress, illness, weak immunity, hormonal changes, sun exposure, or fatigue. These often lead to sores around the mouth, nose, or chin.

**Warning Signs and Symptoms**
Early symptoms include “tingling, itching, or burning sensations,” followed by red bumps that turn into blisters. These burst, crust over, and usually heal in 2–4 weeks. Starting treatment early helps reduce symptoms.

**Treatment Options**
No cure exists, but treatments like acyclovir or valacyclovir help if taken early. Over-the-counter creams and pain relievers offer relief. Natural remedies like aloe vera or lemon balm may also soothe skin.

**Prevention and Protection**
To avoid outbreaks and spreading the virus:

* Manage stress and get enough sleep
* Use SPF on lips
* Don’t share lip products, utensils, or towels
* Wash hands and avoid touching the face during an outbreak

Talk to a doctor if sores are frequent, severe, or near the eyes. Research continues into vaccines and future treatments.