Oral cancer is becoming a serious health issue in India, with “nearly 77,000 new cases and over 52,000 deaths” reported this year.

The disease mostly affects men over 40, but younger people are also at risk. Experts link its rise to lifestyle and cultural habits. “Tobacco use—whether smoking cigarettes or chewing tobacco—remains the leading cause,” and its widespread acceptance in India makes prevention difficult.

Alcohol use further increases the risk, especially when combined with tobacco. A traditional practice, betel-nut chewing, also plays a role. Betel nut contains “carcinogenic compounds that can damage the lining of the mouth and lead to cancerous changes.”

Other risks include long-term sun exposure, which makes outdoor workers such as farmers and vendors more vulnerable to lip cancer.

Unfortunately, many cases are detected late. Low awareness, poor access to healthcare, and reluctance to treat early symptoms like persistent mouth sores contribute to delayed diagnosis.

Health experts stress that “early detection is critical for successful treatment.” Public campaigns that promote awareness, discourage tobacco, alcohol, and betel-nut use, and encourage regular screenings are key to reducing India’s rising oral cancer burden.