Heart failure (HF) is a growing global issue, affecting at least 26 million people worldwide. It doesn’t mean the heart has stopped, but that it “isn’t pumping as it should,” leading to fatigue, breathlessness, and difficulty with everyday tasks. While HF is lifelong, treatment and lifestyle changes can bring remission. Doctors warn of four habits strongly linked to the condition.

The first is **excessive salt intake**. “Dietary sodium restriction is arguably the most frequent self-care behavior recommended to patients with heart failure,” as high sodium causes fluid retention and raises blood pressure, straining the heart. Cutting back on processed and salty foods is essential.

A **sedentary lifestyle** also increases risk. Regular movement improves circulation, weight, and blood pressure, while long hours of sitting weaken the heart. Experts recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate weekly exercise.

**Smoking and alcohol** both damage heart function—smoking reduces oxygen supply, while alcohol weakens heart muscles. Cutting back or quitting is vital.

Lastly, **chronic stress and poor sleep** elevate cortisol, blood pressure, and risks of obesity and diabetes. Managing stress and getting 7–9 hours of rest each night helps protect the heart.