Older Adults
“Nearly one-third of people over 60 experience them regularly.” Aging reduces muscle flexibility, weakens nerve function, and slows circulation, making seniors especially vulnerable to nighttime spasms.

Pregnant Women
Expectant mothers often report cramps, particularly in later trimesters. Extra weight pressures leg muscles, while hormonal changes affect fluid balance and electrolytes like magnesium, calcium, and potassium. “For many women, these nighttime cramps become one of the most annoying sleep disturbances of pregnancy.”

Active and Inactive People
Both extremes face risk. Athletes may cramp from overtraining, dehydration, or electrolyte loss, while office workers or those standing long hours may suffer from poor circulation. Lack of stretching or movement worsens the problem.

Health Conditions
Chronic illnesses like diabetes, peripheral artery disease, kidney disease, or thyroid issues can trigger cramps. “In many of these cases, cramps are not just an isolated issue but a symptom of something larger that requires medical attention.”

Medications
Drugs such as diuretics, cholesterol-lowering meds, or even birth control pills can disrupt electrolytes, leading to cramping. Anyone experiencing cramps after starting a medication should consult their doctor.