The U.S. Senate has passed a major bipartisan bill to modernize America’s nuclear energy sector, with an overwhelming “88–2” vote. The bill focuses on speeding up nuclear development by simplifying federal rules that have slowed progress for decades. It aims to shorten approval timelines, lower licensing fees, and make environmental reviews faster while still keeping safety requirements. It also renews funding for firefighter grant programs, showing a dual focus on energy and public safety.

Supporters say reform is needed because outdated regulations, high costs, and long licensing processes have held back innovation. Nuclear energy already provides about “20% of the nation’s electricity”, and demand is expected to rise. Lawmakers argue that modernized rules will encourage investment in new technologies like small modular reactors and strengthen America’s role in the global nuclear market.

They also highlight economic benefits, saying simpler rules could attract private investors, create jobs, and boost domestic supply chains. But critics warn that faster approvals may “weaken essential safeguards.” Environmental groups fear incomplete reviews, reduced public input, and the lack of a long-term solution for nuclear waste. They argue that expanding nuclear power without addressing these issues could threaten public safety.

The debate reflects the tension between encouraging innovation and maintaining strict oversight. Supporters see nuclear energy as essential for cutting emissions and ensuring reliable power, while opponents stress safety and responsible waste management.

If signed by President Biden, the bill could accelerate advanced reactor development and shape a new phase in America’s energy strategy.