Most people ignore their feet until discomfort forces attention. “Swelling, color changes, warmth, or skin impressions can signal underlying health issues.” Persistent or unexplained foot swelling is a clear warning that something deeper may be happening.

Swollen feet, called edema, happen when excess fluid collects in the lower limbs. Gravity causes fluids to pool in the ankles and feet. Mild swelling can make shoes tight, while severe edema visibly enlarges the feet. Temporary causes include long periods of standing, warm weather, minor injuries, or tight shoes.

Poor circulation is a common cause. Sedentary lifestyles, long hours of sitting, smoking, or vascular issues slow blood flow, allowing fluid to accumulate. “Elevating the legs or moving regularly may help, but chronic issues require medical evaluation.” Heart, kidney, or liver problems can also cause edema. Heart weakness reduces circulation, kidney dysfunction causes fluid retention, and liver damage lets fluid leak from blood vessels. Symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue, or jaundice are red flags.

Medications, pregnancy, injuries, infections, or chronic venous insufficiency can also lead to swelling. “Watch for pain, warmth, redness, bulging veins, or skin changes, which may require medical care to prevent complications.” Sudden swelling in hands or face during pregnancy may indicate preeclampsia.

Mild swelling can often be managed at home by elevating the feet, taking breaks from sitting or standing, wearing supportive shoes, reducing salt, staying hydrated, and stretching. Compression socks may help if guided by a doctor. Persistent, worsening, or painful swelling—especially with redness, fever, or breathing difficulties—needs prompt medical evaluation. “Feet often reveal early signs of circulation, organ, or inflammatory issues.