Marijuana has gained widespread acceptance, especially after California legalized medical use in 1996 and recreational use expanded in 2012. A 2023 Gallup poll found that 70% of Americans support legalization, with cannabis use among adults aged 35 to 50 doubling in a decade. Advocates highlight its potential to reduce anxiety, ease chronic pain, and treat PTSD. However, scientific evidence on its safety remains limited.

Studies suggest marijuana may pose serious health risks, including heart problems, impaired brain development, reduced male fertility, and immune system damage. Still, the effects vary. “It’s a complex issue,” says R. Lorraine Collins of the University at Buffalo. “It’s not a simple yes or no answer.”

Marijuana contains over 100 cannabinoids, including THC and CBD. While THC causes psychoactive effects, CBD was once thought to counteract them. However, newer research suggests high doses of CBD may prolong THC’s effects.

Cannabis has proven medical benefits, such as preventing nausea from cancer treatment and controlling seizures. But evidence for chronic pain and PTSD remains weak, partly due to research barriers.

While cannabis has moved into the mainstream, its risks and benefits remain unclear. Experts urge caution, emphasizing the need for more rigorous studies before drawing definitive conclusions.