If you notice “a small bump, odd texture, or something moving” in your child’s hair, stay calm and check closely. Watch for crawling insects, nits (eggs), redness, or itching. A magnifying glass and photos can help.

Kids often pick up pests at school or camp. *Head lice* are “tiny, wingless bugs that feed on blood.” Their eggs stick to hair shafts. *Scabies mites* burrow under the skin and cause rashes. *Dust mites* don’t live on people but can trigger allergies.

Look out for “persistent itching, especially at night,” red or swollen scalp, sores, or sleep trouble. These may need medical care, especially if they worsen.

Mayonnaise, olive oil, fine combs, and essential oils are common remedies. But if they fail or cause irritation, “don’t wait—see a doctor,” especially for infections or if over-the-counter treatments don’t work.

Prevent pests by avoiding shared hats and bedding, washing items in hot water, and vacuuming often. After treatment, “continue checking the scalp” and seek help if symptoms return.