The female body often signals when something is wrong, and “an unpleasant smell in the intimate area may be one of those indicators.” While it doesn’t always mean a serious condition, it should not be ignored.

One major cause is vaginal infections. Bacterial vaginosis “produces a strong, fishy odor,” while candidiasis causes “a thick, whitish discharge with a sour or fermented odor.” If untreated, these can harm reproductive health. Poor hygiene or over-cleaning can also disrupt the natural microbiome, leading to infections and odor. Some sexually transmitted infections, like trichomoniasis, create “a strong, unpleasant smell along with green or yellow discharge.” Additionally, hormonal changes and sweating during menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause may alter pH and intensify odor.

Prevention starts with good hygiene—cleaning with plain water or mild soap, avoiding douching, and steering clear of perfumed products. Breathable cotton underwear helps reduce moisture, while safe sexual practices and a balanced diet support health.

Other tips include changing underwear daily, switching pads or tampons every 3–4 hours, wearing loose clothing in warm weather, wiping front to back, and trimming (not fully removing) pubic hair. Eating probiotics like yogurt can also “help preserve a healthy balance of vaginal bacteria.”