Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide, says the World Health Organization. In 2022 alone, there were 662,000 new cases and 349,000 deaths. It develops when abnormal cells grow in the cervix, often caused by a long-lasting infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). The American Cancer Society explains that as the disease advances, it may lead to “pelvic pain, painful urination, or other complications that may affect fertility.”

According to the NHS, common warning signs include:
1. Abnormal vaginal bleeding — between periods, after sex, or post-menopause. If it persists, consult a doctor.
2. Unusual vaginal discharge — watery, pink, or brown with a strong odor may signal concern.
3. Persistent pelvic pain or discomfort — unrelated to periods or ovulation and spreading to the lower back or hips.
4. Pain during intercourse — can occur when cancer affects cervical tissues.
5. Unexplained weight loss and fatigue — general but important warning signs.

Prevention remains key. Regular Pap smears, HPV vaccination, and safe sexual practices significantly lower risks. Smoking, weakened immunity, or family history can increase vulnerability.
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional if you notice warning signs.