Stasis dermatitis is a skin condition linked to poor circulation, often causing discoloration, itching, scaling, and ulcers. It is commonly associated with venous insufficiency, which may also lead to leg swelling, calf pain, tenderness, and a heavy sensation that worsens when standing. In early stages, the skin may appear thin and itchy, and scratching can cause cracking and fluid leakage.

As the condition progresses, skin changes can become permanent. The affected area may thicken, harden, or darken, a process known as lipodermatosclerosis. The skin can also develop a lumpy texture. In advanced stages, it may break down completely, forming painful ulcers, typically on the inside of the ankle.

The main cause of stasis dermatitis is poor circulation due to venous insufficiency, where weakened vein valves allow blood to pool in the legs instead of flowing back to the heart. Other contributing conditions include varicose veins and congestive heart failure. Additional causes may include surgery, deep vein thrombosis, or injuries to the lower legs.

Risk increases with age, especially over 50, and is more common in women. Health conditions such as high blood pressure, kidney failure, obesity, and multiple pregnancies can contribute. Lifestyle factors like prolonged sitting or standing and lack of exercise also raise the likelihood of developing the condition.

Treatment focuses on improving circulation and managing symptoms. Elevating the legs, wearing compression stockings, staying active, and avoiding long periods of inactivity can help. Doctors may recommend creams, bandages, or medications, and treat underlying conditions to prevent complications such as infections, chronic ulcers, or bone infections like osteomyelitis.